Products
Products and tariff headings
Every chapter and heading of the Harmonized System: what it covers, who imports it and which markets to export it to.
Food and drink
13 chapters- Meat and edible meat offal (chapter 02): which countries import itChapter 02 covers fresh, chilled, frozen and processed meat and edible offal from all species. Global imports reached USD 128 billion in 2024. China, the…Read
- Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other… (chapter 03): which countries import itChapter 03 covers live fish, fresh and frozen seafood, crustaceans, molluscs, and processed products. Global imports reached USD 117.2 billion in 2025.…Read
- Dairy produce; birds' eggs; natural… (chapter 04): which countries import itChapter 04 groups dairy products, eggs and honey. Germany leads global imports at 14 billion USD annually, followed by France and China. As a Spanish…Read
- Products of the milling industry; malt… (chapter 11): which countries import itChapter 11 covers milling industry products—flour, starches, malt and wheat gluten. The US, China and Germany are the largest importers worldwide. Spain…Read
- Animal, vegetable or microbial fats and… (chapter 15): which countries import itChapter 15 covers animal, vegetable and microbial fats and oils—from olive oil to palm oil to rendered animal fats—and products made from them. Spain…Read
- Meat, fish, crustaceans, molluscs or… (chapter 16): which countries import itChapter 16 covers meat, fish, crustaceans, molluscs and their preparations—the most traded food products worldwide. In 2025, global imports exceeded USD…Read
- Sugars and sugar confectionery (chapter 17): which countries import itChapter 17 covers cane and beet sugars, syrups, molasses and sugar confectionery. The US, China and Germany are the largest importers, absorbing over USD…Read
- Cocoa and cocoa preparations (chapter 18): which countries import itChapter 18 covers cocoa beans, cocoa paste, cocoa butter, cocoa powder and chocolate preparations. The US, Netherlands and Germany are the largest…Read
- Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or… (chapter 19): which countries import itChapter 19 covers cereals, flour, starch and milk-based preparations: pasta, bread, breakfast cereals, malt extract and similar products. Global imports…Read
- Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts… (chapter 20): which countries import itChapter 20 covers preserved vegetables, fruit, nuts, jams, and juices. Global imports reached USD 83.7 billion in 2025, led by the US, UK, and Germany.…Read
- Miscellaneous edible preparations (chapter 21): which countries import itChapter 21 covers coffee extracts, yeasts, sauces, soups, ice cream and other edible preparations. The US, Germany and China are the largest importers.…Read
- Beverages, spirits and vinegar (chapter 22): which countries import itChapter 22 covers beverages, spirits and vinegar: water, soft drinks, beer, wine, spirits and vinegar. Spain ranks among the top 15 exporters globally.…Read
- Tobacco and manufactured tobacco… (chapter 24): which countries import itChapter 24 covers tobacco, cigars, cigarettes and nicotine products intended for inhalation or ingestion. Global imports reached USD 29.3 billion in…Read
Agriculture and livestock
12 chapters- Animals; live (chapter 01): which countries import itChapter 01 covers live animals: horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats and poultry. The US, Italy and the Netherlands are the largest importers. Export…Read
- Animal originated products; not elsewhere… (chapter 05): which countries import itChapter 05 covers animal-origin products such as hair, bristles, bones, horns, shells and biological compounds. Global imports reach USD 12.2 billion…Read
- Trees and other plants, live; bulbs… (chapter 06): which countries import itChapter 06 covers live plants, bulbs, cut flowers and ornamental foliage. The US, Germany and the Netherlands are the largest importers worldwide. Spain…Read
- Vegetables and certain roots and tubers… (chapter 07): which countries import itChapter 07 groups fresh, frozen and dried vegetables plus certain roots and tubers. The US, Germany and the UK are the largest importers worldwide. If…Read
- Fruit and nuts, edible; peel of citrus… (chapter 08): which countries import itChapter 08 covers edible fruit, nuts and citrus peel. The US is the largest importer at USD 25.7 billion annually, followed by China and Germany. Spain…Read
- Coffee, tea, mate and spices (chapter 09): which countries import itChapter 09 covers coffee, tea, mate and spices—high-value products with global demand. The US, Germany and France are the largest importers, accounting…Read
- Cereals (chapter 10): which countries import itChapter 10 covers cereals: wheat, barley, rice, maize and others. Global imports reached USD 87 billion in 2024. China, Mexico and Egypt are the largest…Read
- Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits… (chapter 12): which countries import itChapter 12 covers oil seeds, oleaginous fruits, and miscellaneous grains used for industrial or food purposes. Global imports exceeded USD 115 billion in…Read
- Lac; gums, resins and other vegetable… (chapter 13): which countries import itChapter 13 covers lac, natural gums, resins, gum-resins and vegetable saps used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food and industrial applications. The…Read
- Vegetable plaiting materials; vegetable… (chapter 14): which countries import itChapter 14 covers vegetable materials used for plaiting, stuffing, and brushes, plus plant products not classified elsewhere. Global imports exceed USD…Read
- Food industries, residues and wastes… (chapter 23): which countries import itChapter 23 covers animal feed, oil cakes, bran and food industry residues. Global imports reached USD 65 billion in 2024, with China, Germany and the…Read
- Fertilizers (chapter 31): which countries import itChapter 31 covers all fertilizers: organic, mineral and chemical compounds with nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium. Global imports exceeded USD 63 billion…Read
Industry and machinery
22 chapters- Plastics and articles thereof (chapter 39): which countries import itChapter 39 groups plastic polymers in primary forms and finished plastic articles. Global imports exceeded USD 460 billion in 2025, with the United…Read
- Rubber and articles thereof (chapter 40): which countries import itChapter 40 covers natural and synthetic rubber, tyres, tubes, belts and rubber articles. Global imports reached USD 171 billion in 2025, led by the…Read
- Pulp of wood or other fibrous cellulosic… (chapter 47): which countries import itChapter 47 covers wood pulp, chemical pulp and recovered paper. Global imports reached USD 40.4 billion in 2024, with China as the largest buyer. Spain…Read
- Paper and paperboard; articles of paper… (chapter 48): which countries import itChapter 48 covers paper, paperboard and articles made from them: from newsprint and tissue to corrugated cardboard and labels. The US imports nearly USD…Read
- Printed books, newspapers, pictures and… (chapter 49): which countries import itChapter 49 covers printed books, newspapers, postcards, maps, and other printing industry products. Global imports exceeded USD 18 billion in 2025, led…Read
- Iron and steel (chapter 72): which countries import itChapter 72 covers iron and steel in all forms: raw materials, semi-finished products, flat-rolled sheets, bars, and wire. Global imports exceed USD 255…Read
- Iron or steel articles (chapter 73): which countries import itChapter 73 groups iron and steel articles: from structural components and tubes to fasteners, chains and domestic appliances. The United States leads…Read
- Copper and articles thereof (chapter 74): which countries import itChapter 74 covers copper and its manufactured products: from refined copper and alloys to tubes, wire, and finished goods. Global imports exceed 190…Read
- Nickel and articles thereof (chapter 75): which countries import itChapter 75 groups nickel products from raw mattes and unwrought metal to refined articles like wire, tubes and foil. Global imports exceeded USD 31…Read
- Aluminium and articles thereof (chapter 76): which countries import itChapter 76 covers aluminium in all forms: raw metal, semi-finished products like wire and foil, and finished articles. The US, Germany, and China lead…Read
- Lead and articles thereof (chapter 78): which countries import itChapter 78 covers lead and lead articles: unwrought metal, waste, bars, plates, tubes and finished goods. The US, India and Singapore are the largest…Read
- Zinc and articles thereof (chapter 79): which countries import itChapter 79 covers unwrought zinc, waste, dust, and finished articles like tubes and wire. The US, China and Germany are the largest import markets,…Read
- Tin; articles thereof (chapter 80): which countries import itChapter 80 covers tin and tin articles: unwrought metal, waste, bars, foil, powders, tubes and fittings. The United States imported USD 1.1 billion in…Read
- Metals; n.e.c., cermets and articles… (chapter 81): which countries import itChapter 81 covers rare and specialty metals—tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, cobalt, titanium, and others—plus cermets. Global imports exceeded USD 22…Read
- Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and… (chapter 82): which countries import itHS Chapter 82 covers hand tools, cutlery, blades and similar implements made of base metal. Global imports exceed USD 40 billion annually, led by the…Read
- Metal; miscellaneous products of base… (chapter 83): which countries import itChapter 83 covers base metal products: locks, fittings, safes, office equipment and packaging accessories. The United States is the largest importer…Read
- Machinery and mechanical appliances… (chapter 84): which countries import itChapter 84 groups machinery and mechanical appliances: boilers, engines, pumps, turbines, refrigeration equipment and industrial machinery. The US, China…Read
- Railway, tramway locomotives… (chapter 86): which countries import itChapter 86 covers railway and tramway equipment: locomotives, coaches, wagons, track fixtures and signalling systems. Global imports exceeded USD 20…Read
- Vehicles; other than railway or tramway… (chapter 87): which countries import itChapter 87 groups all motor vehicles except railway stock, plus their parts and accessories. The United States, Germany and the United Kingdom import…Read
- Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (chapter 88): which countries import itChapter 88 covers aircraft, spacecraft and their components. Global imports reached USD 192 billion in 2025, led by the United States, Ireland and…Read
- Ships, boats and floating structures (chapter 89): which countries import itChapter 89 covers ships, boats and floating structures for transport, fishing, pleasure and specialized uses. Global imports reached USD 67.5 billion in…Read
- Arms and ammunition; parts and… (chapter 93): which countries import itChapter 93 covers arms, ammunition and their parts and accessories, from military weapons and firearms to bombs, cartridges and bladed arms. Poland, the…Read
Fashion and textiles
19 chapters- Raw hides and skins (other than furskins)… (chapter 41): which countries import itChapter 41 covers raw hides, skins and leather in all stages of processing, from fresh animal hides to finished leather goods. China, Italy and France…Read
- Articles of leather; saddlery and… (chapter 42): which countries import itChapter 42 groups leather articles, saddlery, travel goods and handbags. The US, Japan and China lead global imports at over USD 26 billion combined.…Read
- Furskins and artificial fur; manufactures… (chapter 43): which countries import itChapter 43 covers raw and tanned furskins, fur clothing and artificial fur products. Main importers are China, Cambodia and Thailand. EU exporters must…Read
- Silk (chapter 50): which countries import itChapter 50 covers silk at all stages: from cocoons to yarn and woven fabric. The United Kingdom is the largest importer globally, followed by Italy and…Read
- Wool, fine or coarse animal hair… (chapter 51): which countries import itChapter 51 covers wool, fine and coarse animal hair, and yarns and fabrics made from them. Global imports exceed USD 8.5 billion annually. Spain's main…Read
- Cotton (chapter 52): which countries import itChapter 52 covers cotton yarn and woven fabrics. The world market is dominated by Asian suppliers: China, Turkey and India account for over half of…Read
- Vegetable textile fibres; paper yarn and… (chapter 53): which countries import itChapter 53 covers raw and processed vegetable fibres—flax, hemp, jute, sisal—plus yarn and fabrics made from them. China, India and Belgium are the…Read
- Man-made filaments; strip and the like of… (chapter 54): which countries import itChapter 54 groups synthetic and artificial filament yarns, monofilaments, and related woven fabrics. Global imports exceed USD 21 billion annually, led…Read
- Man-made staple fibres (chapter 55): which countries import itChapter 55 groups synthetic and artificial staple fibres, yarns and woven fabrics made from them. Global imports topped USD 18.3 billion in 2025, with…Read
- Wadding, felt and nonwovens, special… (chapter 56): which countries import itChapter 56 covers technical textiles: wadding, felt, nonwovens, specialty yarns and cordage. The US, Germany and Mexico are the largest importers. As a…Read
- Fabrics; special woven fabrics, tufted… (chapter 58): which countries import itChapter 58 covers specialized textile fabrics: pile fabrics, terry towelling, gauze, lace, tapestries, trimmings and embroidery. The United States,…Read
- Textile fabrics; impregnated, coated… (chapter 59): which countries import itChapter 59 covers coated, laminated and technical textiles for industrial use: fabrics treated with plastics, rubber, or gum; transmission belts; gas…Read
- Fabrics; knitted or crocheted (chapter 60): which countries import itChapter 60 covers knitted and crocheted fabrics, a core segment in the fashion and textiles sector. Global imports reached 20.5 billion USD in 2024, with…Read
- Apparel and clothing accessories; knitted… (chapter 61): which countries import itChapter 61 covers knitted and crocheted apparel: coats, shirts, underwear, hosiery, and accessories. The United States is the largest importer at 46.6…Read
- Apparel and clothing accessories; not… (chapter 62): which countries import itChapter 62 covers woven garments and clothing accessories: coats, shirts, trousers, underwear, gloves, ties and similar items. The US, Germany and France…Read
- Textiles, made up articles; sets; worn… (chapter 63): which countries import itChapter 63 groups made-up textile articles: from bed linen and curtains to sacks, tents and worn clothing. The United States is the largest importer…Read
- Footwear; gaiters and the like; parts of… (chapter 64): which countries import itChapter 64 covers footwear and parts: shoes with rubber or plastic soles, leather uppers, textile uppers, and components. The US, Germany and France lead…Read
- Headgear and parts thereof (chapter 65): which countries import itChapter 65 covers all types of headgear and their components, from felt hats to knitted caps and accessories. Global imports exceed USD 11 billion…Read
- Natural, cultured pearls; precious… (chapter 71): which countries import itChapter 71 covers natural and cultured pearls, precious and semi-precious stones, precious metals, and jewellery. Global imports topped USD 1.3 billion…Read
Furniture and decoration
7 chapters- Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (chapter 44): which countries import itChapter 44 covers wood and wood-based products, from raw timber to furniture components. Global imports reached USD 109 billion in 2025. The US, China,…Read
- Cork and articles of cork (chapter 45): which countries import itChapter 45 covers natural cork, agglomerated cork and cork articles. Spain is a major exporter to France, the US and Italy. Cork exports require…Read
- Manufactures of straw, esparto or other… (chapter 46): which countries import itChapter 46 covers manufactures of straw, esparto and other plaiting materials, plus basketware and wickerwork articles. The US, Germany, and France are…Read
- Carpets and other textile floor coverings (chapter 57): which countries import itChapter 57 covers carpets and textile floor coverings in all forms: knotted, woven, tufted, and felt. The United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom…Read
- Umbrellas, sun umbrellas, walking-sticks… (chapter 66): which countries import itChapter 66 covers umbrellas, sun umbrellas, walking sticks and related items. The US is the largest importer at 552 million USD annually, followed by…Read
- Feathers and down, prepared; and articles… (chapter 67): which countries import itChapter 67 groups feathers, down, artificial flowers and human hair products. The United States and China are the main importers, together accounting for…Read
- Furniture; bedding, mattresses, mattress… (chapter 94): which countries import itChapter 94 covers furniture, bedding, lamps, illuminated signs and prefabricated buildings. The United States, Germany and the United Kingdom are the…Read
Health, cosmetics and chemicals
9 chapters- Inorganic chemicals; organic and… (chapter 28): which countries import itChapter 28 covers inorganic chemicals: mineral acids, bases, salts, oxides and fluorine compounds. The world imports over 100 billion USD yearly. The US,…Read
- Organic chemicals (chapter 29): which countries import itChapter 29 covers organic chemicals: hydrocarbons, alcohols, acids, amines, and pharmaceutical precursors. The US, China, and Italy are the largest…Read
- Pharmaceutical products (chapter 30): which countries import itChapter 30 covers pharmaceutical products: medicaments, blood products, vaccines, and medical devices. The US, Germany, and Switzerland are the largest…Read
- Tanning or dyeing extracts; tannins and… (chapter 32): which countries import itChapter 32 covers tannins, synthetic dyes, pigments, paints, varnishes and inks. Spain exported USD 2.23 billion to the world in 2025. Germany, China and…Read
- Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery… (chapter 33): which countries import itChapter 33 covers essential oils, perfumes and cosmetic preparations. The global market imported USD 20.8 billion in 2025, led by the United States,…Read
- Soap, organic surface-active agents… (chapter 34): which countries import itChapter 34 covers soaps, detergents, cosmetics and waxes. Global imports reached USD 47 billion in 2025, led by Germany, the United States and China.…Read
- Albuminoidal substances; modified… (chapter 35): which countries import itChapter 35 covers protein-based products, modified starches, adhesives and enzymes used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food and industrial manufacturing.…Read
- Explosives; pyrotechnic products… (chapter 36): which countries import itChapter 36 covers explosives, fireworks, matches and pyrophoric alloys. The US is the largest importer worldwide (USD 1.2B in 2025), followed by Germany…Read
- Chemical products n.e.c. (chapter 38): which countries import itChapter 38 groups miscellaneous chemical products: from graphite and rosin to plant-protection agents, industrial solvents and biodiesel. Global imports…Read
Construction and materials
6 chapters- Salt; sulphur; earths, stone; plastering… (chapter 25): which countries import itChapter 25 groups raw materials and processed minerals for construction: salt, stone, cement, lime, gypsum and industrial earths. Global imports exceed…Read
- Ores, slag and ash (chapter 26): which countries import itChapter 26 covers ores, slag and ash—raw materials essential for metal production and construction. Global imports exceeded USD 361 billion in 2024, with…Read
- Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products… (chapter 27): which countries import itChapter 27 covers mineral fuels, petroleum oils, coal, natural gas and bituminous products. Global imports exceed USD 1.4 trillion annually. Spain ranks…Read
- Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica or… (chapter 68): which countries import itChapter 68 covers stone, plaster, cement, asbestos and similar materials. Global imports reached USD 38.6 billion in 2025, with the United States leading…Read
- Ceramic products (chapter 69): which countries import itChapter 69 includes ceramic bricks, tiles, roofing materials, sanitaryware, tableware and technical ceramics. The US imported USD 7.5 billion in 2025,…Read
- Glass and glassware (chapter 70): which countries import itChapter 70 covers glass in all forms: raw materials, sheets, containers, tableware, and fiber. The US, Germany, and China are the largest importers,…Read
Technology and electronics
5 chapters- Photographic or cinematographic goods (chapter 37): which countries import itChapter 37 covers photographic and cinematographic goods: sensitised film, plates, paper and chemical preparations. Global imports exceed USD 8.2 billion…Read
- Electrical machinery and equipment and… (chapter 85): which countries import itChapter 85 covers electrical machinery, motors, generators, batteries, lighting, telecommunications equipment and components. Global imports exceed 3.8…Read
- Optical, photographic, cinematographic… (chapter 90): which countries import itChapter 90 covers optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments. Global imports exceeded 540 billion USD in 2025. The United States leads as…Read
- Clocks and watches and parts thereof (chapter 91): which countries import itHS chapter 91 covers clocks, watches and their parts, split into 14 headings by case material, movement type and finished versus unfinished state. Hong…Read
- Musical instruments; parts and… (chapter 92): which countries import itHS chapter 92 covers musical instruments, from pianos and guitars to electric organs and their parts, across nine headings. The United States, Germany…Read
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