Metal; miscellaneous products of base… (chapter 83): which countries import it
Chapter 83 covers base metal products: locks, fittings, safes, office equipment and packaging accessories. The United States is the largest importer…
Published on 27 September 2026Updated on 27 September 2026

Chapter 83 covers base metal products: locks, fittings, safes, office equipment and packaging accessories. The United States is the largest importer worldwide, followed by Germany and France. To export from Spain, you need to identify the exact heading, check the applicable tariff under your destination agreement, and verify any product-specific requirements for safety or marking.
Fact sheet
- Code
- 83
- Sector
- Industry and Machinery
Main importing markets
USD · 2025| Country | Imports (USD) |
|---|---|
| United States | 15,104,063,731 |
| Germany | 6,414,928,050 |
| France | 3,801,117,226 |
| Mexico | 3,316,856,024 |
| United Kingdom | 3,285,557,773 |
| Canada | 3,044,739,630 |
| Poland | 2,710,120,894 |
| Italy | 2,374,801,918 |
| Spain | 2,295,481,765 |
| Netherlands | 1,950,202,832 |
| China | 1,639,699,123 |
| Czechia | 1,555,612,199 |
| Japan | 1,459,104,641 |
| India | 1,271,159,222 |
| Australia | 1,211,779,505 |
Imports declared by each country from the world. Countries report with a delay: the period is the latest with consolidated data.
Source: UN ComtradeData for 2025Verified on 27 September 2026
Headings in this chapter
- Padlocks and locks (key, combination, electrically operated) of base metal; clasps and frames with clasps incorporating locks, of base metal, keys for any or the foregoing articles, of base metalHeading 8301
- Base metal mountings, fittings and similar articles for furniture, doors, staircases, windows, trunks, chests etc, castors with mountings of base metal, automatic door closers of base metalHeading 8302
- Safes; armoured or reinforced, strong-boxes, doors and safe deposit lockers for strong-rooms, cash or deed boxes and the like, of base metalHeading 8303
- Office equipment; filing cabinets, card-index cabinets, paper trays and rests, pen trays, office-stamp stands and the like, of base metal, other than office furniture of heading no. 9403Heading 8304
- Stationery; fittings for loose-leaf binders or files, letter clips, letter corners, paper clips, indexing tags and the like, staples in strips (for offices, upholstery, packaging), of base metalHeading 8305
- Bells, gongs and the like; non-electric, statuettes, other ornaments, photograph, picture, similar frames, mirrors, of base metalHeading 8306
- Tubing; flexible, with or without fittings, of base metalHeading 8307
- Clasps, frames with clasps, buckles, buckle-clasps, hooks, eyes, eyelets etc for clothing & accessories, footwear, jewellery, wrist-watches, books, awnings, leather goods, travel goods, saddlery etc, tubular etc rivets, beads, spangles, of base metalHeading 8308
- Stoppers, caps, lids (including crown corks, screw caps, pouring stoppers); capsules for bottles, threaded bungs, bung covers, seals and other packaging accessories, of base metalHeading 8309
- Sign plates, name plates, address plates and similar plates, numbers, letters and other symbols, of base metal, excluding those of heading no. 9405Heading 8310
- Wires, rods, tubes, plates, electrodes of base metal or metal carbides; of a kind used for soldering, brazing, welding; wires and rods for metal sprayingHeading 8311
Trade fairs in this sector
- Advanced Factories
- bauma
- BIEMH – Bienal Internacional de Máquina‑Herramienta
- EMO (Exposition Mondiale de la Machine Outil)
- Hannover Messe
- interpack – PROCESSING & PACKAGING
What to check before exporting Chapter 83 products
Chapter 83 groups eleven product categories, from locks and hinges to welding materials and packaging closures. The heading you export under determines the tariff rate and, often, the technical requirements your product must meet.
Tariffs vary by heading and by destination market. They also depend on the trade agreement in force between Spain and the importer's country: the EU-US deal, CPTPP, bilateral agreements, or WTO rates all apply different rates. Check the exact tariff in Access2Markets before quoting, entering your heading, origin (Spain), and destination country.
Safety standards and product specifications are heading-specific. Locks may require certification or testing; packaging closures must often meet food-contact regulations if intended for that use; welding materials have material composition requirements. Identify your heading first, then search the destination country's technical regulations for that product class.
The United States and Germany together account for over 60 percent of global imports in this chapter. If either is your target, check their specific import rules: US Customs and Border Protection for tariff classification and FDA requirements if applicable; Germany's BfG and relevant EU directives if you are exporting to the EU.
Product origin marking is common for Chapter 83 goods. Most countries require the country of origin to be marked on the product or its packaging. Verify the marking method and language required for your destination before production.
Questions about exporting base metal products
How do I know which heading applies to my product?
The eleven headings in Chapter 83 each cover a specific product class: locks (8301), fittings and mountings (8302), safes (8303), office equipment (8304), stationery fittings (8305), bells and ornaments (8306), flexible tubing (8307), fasteners and rivets (8308), stoppers and caps (8309), signs and plates (8310), and welding materials (8311). Read the heading title and the general rules of interpretation for the chapter in your tariff code (in Spain, the TARIC). If you are unsure, the customs authority can issue a binding ruling on classification.
What is the tariff rate for my product?
The rate depends on your exact heading, the destination country, and any trade agreement between Spain and that country. Look it up in Access2Markets by entering your heading code, selecting Spain as origin and your destination country. The tool shows the applied rate, any quotas, and special conditions. Rates change: confirm the current rate before you quote, not six months later.
Do I need a certificate or test result to export?
That depends on your product and destination. Locks and safes may require security or anti-theft certification in some markets; packaging closures for food or beverages must meet food-contact standards; welding materials have material and traceability requirements. Once you know your heading and destination, search the importer's technical regulations, check any EU directive that applies (if exporting to the EU), and ask your buyer what they require. No single answer fits all Chapter 83 products.
Which countries import most from Spain?
Spain exported base metal products worth USD 2.3 billion globally in 2025. Your best markets depend on your specific product within Chapter 83. Check UN Comtrade data by searching Chapter 83 exports by Spain, filtered by destination, to find which countries are already importing from Spanish suppliers in your product line.
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