Furniture; bedding, mattresses, mattress… (chapter 94): which countries import it
Chapter 94 covers furniture, bedding, lamps, illuminated signs and prefabricated buildings. The United States, Germany and the United Kingdom are the…
Published on 29 September 2026Updated on 29 September 2026
Chapter 94 covers furniture, bedding, lamps, illuminated signs and prefabricated buildings. The United States, Germany and the United Kingdom are the largest import markets, well ahead of Spain, which ranks eighth. For a Spanish exporter, this chapter spans six headings with different products and, often, different rules: seats, medical furniture, general furniture, bedding, lighting and prefabricated buildings each need their own check on tariffs and requirements.
Fact sheet
- Code
- 94
- Sector
- Furniture and Decoration
Main importing markets
USD · 2025| Country | Imports (USD) |
|---|---|
| United States | 66,615,670,281 |
| Germany | 26,040,797,106 |
| United Kingdom | 13,765,799,770 |
| France | 12,686,058,295 |
| Canada | 9,602,525,047 |
| Netherlands | 8,782,748,035 |
| Japan | 7,882,127,224 |
| Spain | 6,271,775,471 |
| Poland | 5,775,374,281 |
| Australia | 5,766,824,257 |
| Switzerland | 5,402,572,443 |
| Italy | 5,267,657,613 |
| Mexico | 4,866,093,529 |
| Czechia | 4,810,761,232 |
| Austria | 4,037,542,733 |
Imports declared by each country from the world. Countries report with a delay: the period is the latest with consolidated data.
Source: UN ComtradeData for 2025Verified on 29 September 2026
Headings in this chapter
- Seats (not those of heading no. 9402), whether or not convertible into beds and parts thereofHeading 9401
- Furniture; medical, surgical, dental or veterinary (e.g. operating tables, hospital beds, dentists' chairs) barbers' chairs; partsHeading 9402
- Furniture and parts thereof, n.e.c. in chapter 94Heading 9403
- Mattress supports; articles of bedding (e.g. mattresses, quilts, eiderdowns, cushions pouffes and pillows), fitted with springs or stuffed, whether or not coveredHeading 9404
- Luminaires and light fittings; including searchlights, spotlights and parts thereof, n.e.c.; illuminated signs, name-plates and the like, having permanently fixed light source and parts thereof n.e.c. or includedHeading 9405
- Buildings; prefabricatedHeading 9406
Trade fairs in this sector
- Feria Internacional del Mueble e Iluminación de València
- Intergift, Feria Internacional del Regalo y la Decoración
- Maison&Objet
- Salone del Mobile.Milano
What to check before exporting products in chapter 94
Chapter 94 groups six headings that behave differently at customs. A wooden chair (heading 9401), a hospital bed (9402), an office desk (9403), a mattress (9404), an LED luminaire (9405) and a prefabricated cabin (9406) each fall under distinct tariff lines, so the first step is identifying the exact subheading of the product, not just the chapter.
The tariff applied when exporting from Spain depends on the destination country, the specific subheading and any trade agreement in force between the EU and that country. This is checked in Access2Markets, which returns the duty rate and any preferential treatment for a given HS code and destination.
Furniture and lighting products often carry technical requirements beyond the tariff: fire resistance standards for upholstered furniture, electrical safety and EMC rules for luminaires, or formaldehyde emission limits for wood-based panels. Which standards apply depends on the destination market and the product category, and they are set by that market's own regulator, not by the HS code alone.
The United States is the largest single market for this chapter by import value, followed by Germany and the United Kingdom. Together with France and Canada, these markets account for the bulk of global furniture and lighting trade, which makes them common starting points when a company is choosing where to prioritize outreach.
Trade fairs remain a central channel for this sector because furniture and lighting are products buyers want to see and touch. Feria Hábitat València and Intergift are Spanish fairs relevant to this chapter; Maison&Objet and Salone del Mobile.Milano are international references for the sector.
Does the same tariff apply to all products in chapter 94?
No. Each heading, and often each subheading within it, can carry a different duty rate depending on the destination country and the trade agreement in force. The applicable rate is checked per HS code in Access2Markets, not assumed from the chapter number.
Which countries import the most furniture and lighting products?
Based on UN Comtrade data for the latest consolidated period, the United States leads by a wide margin, followed by Germany and the United Kingdom. Spain itself ranks eighth among importers, which shows the product category also moves within the EU, not only from it.
What is the difference between heading 9403 and heading 9401?
Heading 9401 covers seats and their parts, including those convertible into beds. Heading 9403 covers furniture not covered elsewhere in the chapter, such as tables, cabinets and storage units. The distinction matters because it changes the applicable HS code and, with it, the tariff and any product-specific requirements.
Are prefabricated buildings classified under the same chapter as furniture?
Yes. Heading 9406 covers prefabricated buildings and sits within chapter 94 alongside furniture, bedding and lighting, even though the product itself has little in common with a chair or a lamp. This is a classification detail worth checking when in doubt, since it affects which tariff schedule and documentation apply.
Why are trade fairs still relevant for exporting furniture and lighting?
Buyers in this sector typically want to assess finish, materials and construction in person before placing orders, which keeps physical trade fairs central to the sales process. Fairs such as Feria Hábitat València, Intergift, Maison&Objet and Salone del Mobile.Milano remain reference events for meeting distributors and retailers active in this chapter.
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